Professional Responsibility State Practice Exam

Which code of ethics emphasizes the belief in a spiritual existence alongside the physical?

1. Autonomy

2. Whanaungatanga

3. Beneficence

4. Justice

The correct answer is: Whanaungatanga

The belief in a spiritual existence alongside the physical is most accurately captured by the concept of Whanaungatanga. This term originates from Māori culture in New Zealand and signifies the importance of family, relationships, and community, along with a connection to the spiritual realm. It encompasses not only the physical ties of kinship but also the deeper whānau (family) connections that include community and shared spirituality. Whanaungatanga emphasizes the holistic view of being, which acknowledges both the physical and spiritual dimensions of life. This reflects a comprehensive approach to ethics that goes beyond mere actions to consider the broader impact on relationships and community well-being. In contrast, the other options focus on distinct ethical principles. Autonomy centers on self-determination and individual rights. Beneficence relates to the obligation to act in the best interest of others, promoting their welfare. Justice addresses fairness and the equitable distribution of benefits and burdens in society. None of these concepts incorporate the spiritual dimension as a core tenet, making Whanaungatanga the most suitable choice in this context.